1. Summary
Demography is the study of changes in
population, scale, distribution and composition, birth, death, migration, and
social mobility. The term was first used by Guillard in 1855 and is
distinguished from the more general area of population theory by its history
and characteristic methods. Demography can explain many sociological phenomena.
An example here is the World War. They say the cause of World War I can be
explained by population.
The most important indicators of
demographics are birth and death rates. There are several variables to increase
and decrease the birth rate. The higher a woman's educational attainment, the
lower the birth rate. The birth rate is also related to the level of
development in a country. In developing countries children are economic assets,
but children are not assets because there are few farmers. That is, the birth
rate decreases because it is expensive to raise. Death rates are closely
related to life expectancy. Life expectancy depends on wealth, race, and job
satisfaction.
It also explains the concept of population
growth and overpopulation. Overpopulation affects child poverty, lack of
resources, spread of infectious diseases, and lack of arable land. The best
solution is to promote women's rights in education, the economy, and the
family.
2. What was interesting?
I noted that the cause of the war was
population. I have previously only considered the cause of the war as political
differences between the state and the country, status in the world, and wealth.
It was interesting to say that the degree of competition for resources depends
on the population. How will the decision of our lives affect the birth rate?
Recently, marriages, births, and child-rearing tend to be dominated by
individual choice. The influence of personal decision-making has increased. It
is a trend not to give birth voluntarily according to the cost of childcare,
time and career cut-off of women.
3. Discussion Point
This year, South Korea's birthrate is less
than one. It is said to be the only zero point country on earth. There are many
factors that affect the nation's birth rate. They include the burden of
childcare expenses, the discontinuation of women's careers, double income and
so on. What other factors are there?
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