Demography
1. Summary- Definition of terms
Demographics study the size, structure and distribution of the population, birth, death, migration, aging, etc. The reason for studying demographics is that demographic indicators are needed to account for sociological phenomena. The study of human beings has been developed since the 18th century, rooted in social changes involving the scientific and industrial revolutions. Population statistics are derived from registration of birth, death, marriage, and so on.
-Data and methods
Demography focuses on the study of birth and death rates because it focuses on changes in population.
Birth Rate: Higher education means lower birthrates. Also, the level of national development is related to the lower the birth rate due to economic problems in developed countries.
Mortality: Study the time of death, the place of death, and the number of deaths. The less developed the region, the higher the infant mortality rate. In addition, advanced countries have higher life expectancy. Research has shown that money improves health and extends life span. Also, white people live longer than black people. This is due to the social gap between income and education.
- Population growth and overpopulation
Overpopulation is the number of individuals versus the resources that are vital to survival. For example, if a region has a population of 10, but nine people have food and drinking water, it is overpopulated. The world population is growing by about 80 million. About half of the world lives in countries that have an alternative birth rate and a growing population due to immigration.
- Urbanization
Urbanization is defined by the movement of people from the country to the city. The reason is to find an economic opportunity. This is because businesses that create jobs and capital are usually located in urban areas. It is also because the city has better service than the country.
2. Interesting
Studies show that an increase in women's education levels in the fertility rate causes the birth rate to drop. It defies our understanding why the declining birthrate is attributed to the rise in women's human rights. Women are given the same education as men and have the opportunity to pursue their career. This is a positive phenomenon. However, this study is being conducted as if women existed only for childbirth when male-centered thinking was dominant in the past. So I think this research is wrong. When the birth rate is lowered, there are various reasons for the government's support, environmental and economic problems. I think it is appropriate to suggest ways to solve the low birth rate through research and not focus on women's social progress, but on political, economic and environmental aspects.
3. Discussion
Do you agree that the reason for the lower birth rate is women's social advancement? If you agree, why?
I think the improvement in women's social status is not an absolute factor in the declining birthrate, but it must have affected it. Consider the Joseon Dynasty. This was a misguided idea, but women at the time were considered sexist to carry on a family through childbirth. Even though the economic situation at that time was worse than it is now, many children were born regardless of the woman's intention. There were even many cases where children were forced to give birth. On the other hand, women are now able to express strong opinions. Of course, I want to say that it is wrong to blame only on women for the decrease in the birth rate.
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