1. Summary
Social movement is a broad social union of people connected through common interests that prevent or influence social change. Giddens identified four areas in which social movements work in modern society. There are democratic movements, labor movements, ecological movements related to the environment, and peace movements working for peace. However, social movements also cause counterattacks. The type of social movement depends on how much it has changed - limited, radical, and who - everyone, specific individuals. It was 'alternative social movements' that changed only to certain individuals. Although it has changed to a limited extent, all of them have changed. Radical changes have occurred, but only certain individuals have made changes. It was the Revolutionary social movements that caused radical changes and changed everyone. There is also a phase of social movement.
There are many theories that try to explain how social movements develop. The first is privatisation theory. The privatization theory argues that social movements are based on people who feel good or are deprived of resources. The second is mass-social theory. It argues that social movements are made up of individuals in large communities who feel insignificant or socially alienated. The third is the structural-strain theory. Structural conductivity, structural tension, growth and diffusion of solutions, preventative factors, lack of social control, and mobilization are six factors. The following is the theory of resource-mobility. Emphasize the importance of resources in the development and success of social movements. Although the theory of political process is similar to the theory of resource-mobility, it tends to emphasize political opportunities, an important factor in the development of social movements. Finally, there is a cultural theory. The theory is based on both political process and resource activation theory, but emphasizes both. They try to deal with the importance of sports culture and the issue of free rides.
2. What did you learn / What was interesting?
Social movements do not need to be formally organized. Many alliances can act separately for a common cause and are still considered social movements. The types of social movements were known as 'alternative social movements', 'reformative social movements', 'redundant social movements' and 'revolutionary movements' They also learned that there are theories of privatization, mass-social theory, structural-strain theory, resource-mobility theory, political process theory, and cultural theory that explain how social movements develop. Among them, I was most impressed by the cultural theory that dealt with the issue of free riding. On this page, for example, "If Man X knows that the Y movement is working to improve his neighborhood's environmental conditions, he has a choice of whether to participate or not. If he believes that the movement will succeed without him, he can avoid participating in it, save his resources, and profit." This is most impressive because I think the most important issue in social movement theory is to explain why people participate in the movement if they believe it can succeed without their contribution, too.
3. Discussion Point
There are four types of social movements: 'alternative social movements', 'realistic social movements', 'redundant social movements' and 'revolutionary movements'. Which of these types of social movements do you think are the best?
Social movements are usually developed as a movement of the blood class, but sometimes the system, the power elite, the ruling class or the ruling class need to maintain their own interests and maintain or strengthen the existing social system. In addition, there are two major movements aimed at reforming the system of social movements of the blood class and improvement in the existing system. As such, social movements can be classified. But I don't think any one is the best. It seems that each chapter has its own shortcomings and how we act.
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