1. summary
Deviation refers to an act that deviates from social rules and norms. Although it is difficult to make a precise definition of social rules, norms generally talk about social expectations.
There are two types of deviance, the first type of deviation is crime, and the second type is devoid of law unlike crime. Of course, bias toward deviance varies considerably from culture to culture.
Robert K. Merton suggested two criteria for the type of abnormal behavior. The first criterion is the attitude of complying with a person's motivation or cultural goals, and the second criterion is the belief in how to achieve a goal. There are five types of deviation formed by these criteria.
There are five deviations: fitness, innovation, consciousness, retreat, and rebellion. Merton said deviation can be done to pursue social values and goals.
Social control is in place to control those who commit deviance. There are two general types of social control: official social control. Formal social control refers to the method of control in prison for individual re-socialization. Informal social control is a control to strengthen informal norms, for example, the behavior of parents who stop children from eating with their hands.
Some examples of research on deviance are video games, tattoos, and sexual violence.
2. Interesting point
I was interested in the reprisals of the United States. I think the intensity of punishment in our country and the United States is different. I felt that the punishment of America was stronger than that of our country. So I thought that the severity of the punishment would be so low, but I was surprised to see that the United States had a higher chance of re-offending.
However, as punishment is strong, I think there will be difficulties in getting a job or trying to participate in society. Thus, criminals who are not accepted by society are forced to fall back into crime. It was interesting to note that in the United States, large sums of money were invested in re-socializing and educating criminals.
3. Discussion
However, in the case of unofficial deviance, acts that are not specified by law in violation of social norms are referred to. However, these practices differ from culture to culture and from region to region. What criteria can be defined as deviating behavior?
Informal deviance is not defined by law and is relative. So I think it's an informal deviation when people in the country think it's not good or uncomfortable. But I think it's the majority, not the few people in the country.
ReplyDeleteI think this standard is different for each country and culture. I think that ignoring their culture is an informal deviance. For example, in Japan, it is not rude to eat with your hands. However, in this country, the act is a rude departure.
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ReplyDeleteI think it is an unofficial departure from the majority, but I think it is an informal departure from the extent that it is not legally punished. Behaviors and thoughts that fall outside the common sense that people think of in society are considered informal deviations.
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